中文摘要：

乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus,HBV）感染严重影响人类健康。稳定、可靠的HBV感染动物模型对于HBV感染致病机制的研究和干预措施的研发有重要意义。HBV有很强的宿主选择性,长期以来黑猩猩是唯一的HBV感染动物模型,但黑猩猩的使用受到严格的伦理限制。人们尝试了很多方法以建立HBV感染的小型动物模型。树鼩是唯一可被HBV感染的非灵长类动物。与HBV相关的鸭肝炎病毒和土拨鼠肝炎病毒感染模型的应用推动了对HBV复制机制的认识和治疗方法的评价。近年来发展的人-鼠嵌合体模型则使得人们得以利用常规的实验动物开展HBV研究。这些模型存在各自的优缺点,在某些方面可以互补。本文就目前常用的HBV感染动物模型作一概述。

英文摘要：

Progress in hepatitis B virus （HBV） research and the development of treatment approaches has long been hampered by the absence of feasible animal models. Due to its strong species specificity, HBV infection was observed only in humans and chimpanzees. The use of chimpanzees as a laboratory animal has encountered strong ethics restraint. Many efforts have been made to establish small animal models for HBV infection. Tupaia is the only non-primate animal permissive to HBV infection. Applications of avian and mammalian HBV-related viruses in their natural hosts infection offer ample opportunities to understand many of the principles of HBV replication and to evaluate many therapeutic methods. The need to perform studies in a convenient animal has led researchers to create new, challenging human-mouse chimera models of HBV infection. In this review, we will overview currently available animal models in HBV research.