中文摘要：

科学学科的核心素养是学生在接受科学教育过程中逐步形成的适应个人终身发展和社会发展需要的必备品格和关键能力,是学生通过科学学习内化的带有科学学科特性的品质,主要包括科学观念与应用、科学思维与创新、科学探究与交流、科学态度与责任等方面。核心素养的构成是建构测评框架的基本依据,理解核心素养的内涵是确定测评要点的前提条件,了解学生核心素养的发展水平是设计试题难度的重要基础。

英文摘要：

Students＇ key competence in science is the essential characters and key abilities that are needed for individual lifelong development and social development of students. It is gradually formed in the process of accepting science education and is internalized with characteristics of science quality through science learning,mainly including science concepts and applications, science thinking and innovation, science inquiry and communication, science attitude and responsibility. The composition of key competence is the basis of constructing the assessment framework. Understanding the connotation of key competence is the precondition of determining the assessment points. It is important to understand the development level of key competence of the students for designing item difficulty.