中文摘要：

以桂林市灵川县含硫铅锌矿区为研究对象，研究采矿过程中地表河流水Pb、Zn等重金属及SO4^2-以及碳汇量的变化，结果发现：（1）河流中的Pb、Zn等重金属受降雨因素影响较大，降雨的冲刷作用使得河水中的Pb、Zn含量明显增加，之后慢慢被稀释，特别是暴雨稀释效应明显；（2）人类对含硫铅锌矿的开采与搬运，使得大量的硫铅锌矿被搬运而导致河水中的SO4^2-含量减少；（3）人类对矿产的开采，地质碳汇明显减少，其减少量约为原来的一半。

英文摘要：

Taking the Pb-Zn sulfide minerals mining area in Lingchuan county, Guilin city as the research object, the changes of heavy metals Pb,Zn,etc. ,SO4^2- and carbon sinks in the river water during mining operation were studied. The results showed that： （1） the contents of heavy metals Pb, Zn,etc. in the river water were affected greatly by rainfall, and obviously increased due to the scouring effect of rainfall, then were slowly diluted, especially the dilution effect of heavy rain was obvious; （2） the minerals exploitation made large amounts of Pb-Zn sulfide minerals be handled by human,which caused the reduce of SO4^2- content in the river water; （3） Because of the exploitation of mineral resources, the geological carbon sink decreased,and its decrement was about half of the original amount.