中文摘要：

目的 对40岁以上血脂正常中老年人群进行3年随访研究,分析中老年人群血脂异常发病率及其相关危险因素.方法 2011年随机抽取贵阳市城区大于或等于40岁的3 059名血脂正常人群作为研究对象,通过问卷调查、体格检查及血糖、血脂的测定等收集基线资料,于2014年再次对上述人群进行3年随访研究,分析贵阳市中老年人群3年血脂异常发病率,通过巢式病例对照研究分析其危险因素.结果 贵阳市中老年人群血脂异常3年累积发病率为54.6％,其中低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）血症、高总胆固醇（TC）血症、高三酰甘油（TG）血症3年累积发病率分别为3.5％、26.0％、43.8％、19.9％,除低HDL-C血症外,女性血脂异常发病率均高于男性.其危险因素包括年龄、性别、腰围.结论 中老年人群血脂异常的发病率较高,尤以高TC血症、高LDL-C血症为主,女性为中老年人群血脂异常发病的最重要的因素,故女性更应该积极防治.

英文摘要：

Objective To perform a 3-year follow-up study among population aged 40 years old and above with normal blood lipid,and to analyze the incidence and relevant risk factors of dyslipidemia in middle-aged and elderly population. Methods A total of 3 059 people aged 40 years and above with normal blood lipid in Guiyang urban area during 2011 were randomly sampled as the research subjects. The baseline data were collected through the questionnaire survey, physical examination, blood glucose and lipid tests, etc. A 3-year follow-up study was performed among these people in 2014 to analyze the 3-year incidence rate of dyslipidemia among middle-aged and elderly population in Ouiyang. Its relevant risk factors were studied by using the nest＇s case control study. Results The 3-year cumulative incidence rate of dyslipidemia in middle-aged and elderly population in Guiyang City was 54.6%. The 3-year cumuiative incidence rates of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） ,high total cholesterol （TC） and high triglyceride （TG） were 3.5%,26.0% ,43.8% and 19.9% respectively. Except for low HDL-C, the incidence rates of dyslipidemia in females were higher than those in males. The risk factors included age, gender and waistline. Conclusion The incidence of dyslipidemia in middle-aged and elderly population is higher,especially high LDL-C and high TC. Female is the most important risk factor for dyslipidemia, thus fefemales should actively take the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia.