中文摘要：

评述了分散元素镓的应用和成矿作用的研究现状并剖析了镓的成矿研究存在的主要问题。论证了铝土矿床中的镓主要赋存于其中的一水硬铝石且以GaO（OH）形式存在；以晶体化学理论分析，认为中高温热液条件形成的闪锌矿（主要包括铁闪锌矿、黑闪锌矿及富铜铅锌矿中的闪锌矿）是Ca的富集载体，Ca最可能以GaAs、GaxIn1-xAs和三元硫化物M^IGaS2（M^I=T1，Cu，Ag）分子的形式赋存，并可能于后期温度降低的条件下以单矿物（如硫镓铜矿）析出；镓在岩浆岩中的主要富集载体为长石类矿物、尖晶石型矿物以及具反尖晶石型结构的磁铁矿。对峨眉山大火成岩省中的重要矿床类型—攀枝花式超大型钒钛磁铁矿矿床中的代表性矿石进行镓含量分析并阐述了该类型矿床中Ca的成矿效应，初步评估了攀西地区钒钛磁铁矿工业储量中伴生的镓为34．8万t，远景资源量为43．5万t，认为该区超大型钒钛磁铁矿矿床亦属超大型镓矿床，具潜在的重要经济价值。呼吁加强对我国磁铁矿矿床中镓的成矿效应及综合利用的系统研究。

英文摘要：

Advances in research on the application and ore-forming process of the dispersed dement gallium have been reviewed and principal problems involved in the study of mineralization of gallium have been addressed in this paper, The authors have demonstrated that gallium is concentrated mainly in diaspore hosted in bauxite deposits in the form of GaO（OH）. Based on the theory of crystal chemistry, it is believed that the sphalerite （including marmtite, black sphalerite and sphalerite in Cu-rich Pb-Zn ore deposits ） formed under medium-high temperature hydrothermal conditions is the main carrier of Ga, and Ga exists probably in the form of molecules of GaAs, Gax,In1-x As and M^IGaS2（ M^I = T1, Cu, Ag） and their single minerals （e.g. gallite） may be separated out due to sudden drop of temperature, Tne main carriers of Ga in igneous rocks are feldspars, minerals with spinel crystal structure and magnetite with inverse spinel crystal stnlcture. Gallium contents of typical magnetite ores from the Panzhihua vanadic titanomagnetite ore deposits which are an important type in the Emeishan large igneous province were analyzed. Besides, the mineralization of Ga in this type of ore deposits has been assessed. Gallium industrial reserves and Ga potential reserves of the vanadic titanomagnetite ore deposits located in the Panxi region, SW China, come up to 348 thousand tons and 435 thousand tons, respectively. It is concluded that the super-large vanadic titanomagnetite deposit in this region is also a super-large gallium deposit and has significantly valuable prospecting potential. The authors also suggest to strengthen related research on mineralization and synthetic utilization of Ga in magnetite ores in China.