中文摘要：

根据连续、各向同性、弹性半无限空间中有限矩形断层位错理论,模拟了断层不同蠕滑特征所引起的地表位移时空序列。通过对其进行主成分时空响应分析,得出了断层滑移类型及演化特征与地表位移主成分时空响应分布密切相关。大量实验研究表明,当断层滑移引起的地表位移大小至少与白噪声水平相当,为有色噪声两倍时,通过地表位移主成分时空响应分析能够揭示断层滑移特征。由时间响应变化率可以判断断层滑移演化过程,由空间响应程度的梯度、方向和大小可以判段断层分布和滑移方式。以2006年墨西哥格雷罗（Guerrero）州慢地震事件为例,对分布于断层区域的GNSS台站位移时空序列进行了主成分变换和时空响应分析,所得断层滑移特征与演化过程与有关学者的地球物理反演结果一致。

英文摘要：

Based on continuous,isotropic, elastic semi-infinite space, and finite rectangle fault OKADA dislocation theory, the surface displacement time-space series resulting from different aseismic slip features is simulated. An analysis of the principal component spatio-temporal response of the surface displacement series shows that the distribution of the spatio-temporal response of the surface displacement is highly correlated to the spatio-temporal distribution of the fault slip. Simulation experiments also show that when the displacement from the fault deformation is equivalent to the white noise and twice eoloured noise,the evolution and slip features of the fault can be analyzed through the principal component spatio-temporal response of the surface displacement. The evolution feature of a fault slip can be obtained by analyzing the temporal response while the fault slip feature can be obtained by analyzing the amplitude gradient and direction of the spatio response. Taking 2006 Guerrero slow slip event as an example, the fault geometry parameters and slip features are deduced from a principal component spatio-temporal response analysis of the GNSS displacement time series. The results are inconsistent with other geophysical inversions.