中文摘要：

二个有限元素(FE ) 模型在铝电解房间的衬里为压力地的分析被建立。在阴极炭精块的钠集中的分发被阴极块的一个 FE 模型计算。热压力地被房间的另外的片模型在加热起来的结束计算。然后，热的联合的压力和钠扩大在 30 d 启动以后被考虑。结果显示那钠在 30 d 启动以后渗透到阴极块的底部。semi-graphitic 炭精块在热阶段有最大的压力。在 30 d 启动以后，无烟煤的碳有最大的钠扩大压力， graphitized 碳有最低的钠扩大压力。钠穿入能比热扩大在阴极炭精块引起更大的变丑和应力。

英文摘要：

Two finite element（FE） models were built up for analysis of stress field in the lining of aluminum electrolysis cells. Distribution of sodium concentration in cathode carbon blocks was calculated by one FE model of a cathode block. Thermal stress field was calculated by the other slice model of the cell at the end of the heating-up. Then stresses coupling thermal and sodium expansion were considered after 30 d start-up. The results indicate that sodium penetrates to the bottom of the cathode block after 30 d start-up. The semi-graphitic carbon block has the largest stress at the thermal stage. After 30 d start-up the anthracitic carbon has the greatest sodium expansion stress and the graphitized carbon has the lowest sodium expansion stress. Sodium penetration can cause larger deformation and stress in the cathode carbon block than thermal expansion.