中文摘要：

针对适宜南疆特色果树灌溉的加压注灌器,选取2种不同管径及3种孔口间距共6种结构类型,采用室内注水试验和CFD数值模拟相结合,开展不同管径及孔口间距对注灌器水力特性的影响研究。选用标准k-ε模型,对加压注灌器内部流场进行数值模拟计算,结合注灌器的不同结构形式、注灌器内部流场,获得了不同处理孔口实测值与模拟值的相对偏差值及孔口流量均匀系数。研究结果表明：选用CFD模拟方法计算出的注灌器孔口流量结果与实测值基本吻合,具有较好的一致性;管径为40mm、孔口间距为120mm的各孔口流速的均匀性最优,在此条件下能够得到较好孔口流量均匀性,均匀系数Cu可以达到0.96;管径为32mm、孔口间距为120mm的各孔口间的压强差值相对较小,水流扰动小,水流出流条件相对较好。因此,根区加压注灌器孔口间距为120mm可作为优选参数之一。

英文摘要：

Aiming at the pressure injector which is suitable for irrigating characteristic fruit tree in southern Xinjiang,six structures with two different pipe diameters and three kinds of orifice spacing were selected,and then,this study was carried out based on the combination of indoor water injection test and CFD numerical simulation.Internal flow field of pressure injector was numerical simulated and calculated by using standard k-εmodel.Relative deviations between measured and simulated values,and uniformity coefficient of orifice flow with different treatments were obtained,combining with different structure forms and internal flow field of pressure injector.Results show that the value calculated by CFD simulation method is consistent with the measured one,which appears good consistency.The uniformity of orifice velocity achieves the optimum when pipe diameter is 40 mm and spacing is 120 mm.At the same condition,better orifice flow uniformity can be obtained,and the uniformity coefficient（Cu）can reach 0.96.When pipe diameter and spacing are 32 mm and 120 mm respectively,pressure difference is relatively small,disturbance of water flow is small,and the water flow condition is relatively good.In conclusion,120 mm orifice spacing of pressure injector used in root area is one of the optimum parameters.