基于分子能量等概念,探讨了回乡创业者在城市打工过程中的“能量”获取行为,回乡后的“能量”扩散行为及扩散效应:①回乡创业者获取的“能量”与其打工历程密切相关;②人力资本在空间上表现为接触传递及跳跃传递,产业价值链的空间可分性是人力资本扩散的基础;③社会资本在扩散过程中存在突变性,空间距离的增加减少了原有社会关系的利用;④“能量”扩散促使劳动者就近就业,为他们提供了稳定的收入并改变其生产生活行为;⑤“能量”扩散对县域经济的发展意义重大。
The course that individuals in rural areas flow into urban areas to earn money, and then come back to their hometowns to run their business in a proper occasion has great analogy with that of energy transfer in molecule transition reaction of physics. Based on this, the paper divides the course of returnees' business development in their hometown into two stages: the "energy" accumulating in urban areas and the "energy" spread effect in rural areas. According to the data from Gushi, the largest county with population and outgoing laborers in Henan Province, the conclusions are drawn as follows: 1) the "energy" that returnees obtained is closely related to their working experiences in cities; 2) human capital spatially spreads out by contact transfer and jumping transfer. The spread course is along with the industrial chain networks; 3) the spread course of social capital confronts many uncertainties; 4) the "energy" spread changes parts of local rural households' traditionally productive and living style to more market-oriented one; 5) the "energy" spread drives more local people who work in urban areas to return home, accelerating local economy linkage to globe production chains and strengthening the relationship of Gushi County to the outside world, and playing a significant role in developing county-level economy.