中文摘要：

生物质炭具有高度稳定性和较强的吸附性能，可从气候、地质等多方面对环境产生影响，在全球气候变化、碳生物地球化学循环以及环境系统中发挥着非常重要的作用，长期以来成为国内外大气科学、地质学和环境科学领域研究的热点．作为土壤腐殖质中高度芳香化结构组分的可能来源，生物质炭对增加土壤碳库贮量、提高土壤肥力以及维持土壤生态系统平衡意义重大．本文重点概述了生物质炭特性、生物质炭生物与非生物氧化机理、生物质炭对全球气候变化的影响以及土壤生物质炭环境效应等方面的国内外研究进展，并对今后生物质炭在土壤生态系统中的环境行为和环境效应研究进行了简要的展望．

英文摘要：

Biomass-derived black carbon, also named biochar, has the characteristics of high stability against decay and high capability of adsorption, and can affect the environment through its interactions with climate and geology, playing a significant role in global climate change, carbon biogeochemical cycle, and environmental system. In recent years, more and more researchers in the fields of atmospheric sciences, geology, and environmental science focused on the environmental behavior and effect of biochar. As one possible source of the components with high aromatic structure in soil humus, biochar is of great importance in increasing soil carbon storage and improving soil fertility, and in maintaining the balance of soil ecosystem. This paper offered the latest information regarding the characteristics and biotic and abiotic oxidation mechanisms of biochar, its effects on global climate change, and the environmental effect of biochar in soil. Research prospects were briefly discussed on the environmental behavior and effect of biochar in soil ecosystem.