中文摘要：

悬浮泥沙到沉积土的形成过程非常复杂，涉及到泥沙的沉降和土的自重固结。物理模型试验需要实测含水率、密度、颗粒分布、超孔隙水应力和总应力，但目前尚无简单可行的方法。提出了一种改进的室内试验方法，通过与国内外现有试验方法相对比，改进后的方法不仅可以得到泥沙在沉积过程中的泥面下沉变化、含水率（密度）分布、超孔压消散剖面，而且还能得到沉积物在不同高度和时间的颗粒分布变化等性质。通过多个试验实测及一致性测试表明，实测数据合理、可信，一致性检验误差较小，验证了此方法的可行性。

英文摘要：

The soil bed formation is a complex process which involves sedimentation and dead-weight consolidation. However, there isn＇t a simple and feasible method for measuring the water content, density, grain size, pore water pressure and total stress during its physical model test now. An improved laboratory testing method has been carried out. Compared with the available testing methods, the sttrface settlement, water content （density） distribution, dissipation profiles of excess pore water pressure, and grain size distribution variation of deposition at different depths and times in the process can be obtained by using the improved method. The experimental results show that the measured data are reasonable; and error of consistency test is small; and the improved laboratory testing method is feasible.