中文摘要：

汾河上游地区是我国的生态脆弱区,有明一代,该区域的自然灾害呈逐步上升的趋势。在明代中后期,山西进入气候异常寒冷期,是汾河上游地区自然灾害频发的重要因素。人类长时期的毁林、开垦,汾河上游地区的局地小气候受到破坏,不仅加剧了该区域自然灾害的发生频率和危害程度,而且对中下游地区的环境产生了负面影响。

英文摘要：

Dynasty, Moreover, frequency The area of upstream of Fenhe River is an ecologically fragile area in China. Since the middle of Ming Shanxi was severely influenced by the cold climate, hence a high frequency of natural disasters showed. large-scale deforestation and reclamation led to climate damage in the area, which intensified the and scale of harm and it also had an impact on the environment of the middle and lower reaches of Fenhe River.