中文摘要：

执政自觉是决定政党执政成败的重要思想前提，虽然它并不是每一个现代执政党都需要面对和解决的问题，但对于中国共产党这样一个通过暴力革命取得政权的政党而言．能否真正在思想上完成从“革命党”向“执政党”的身份转换（而不仅仅是获得执政地位），从而自觉遵循政党执政的一般规律治国理政．可以说事关成败生死。中国共产党60多年执政的坎坷历程已经证明了这一点。进入新世纪新阶段之后．国际环境的深刻变化和国内形势的日益复杂，无疑对中国共产党的执政能力提出了更新更高的要求。如何不断提高执政自觉．建设一个真正强大的执政党．这些都需要从历史中汲墩经验教训与智慧．

英文摘要：

The ruling consciousness is an important prerequisite for success in national administration. Although not all modern ruling parties need to face this issue, it is of vital importance to the CPC, whose political power was seized through violent revolution. It is the element that determines whether the CPC can complete the mindset transfer from a ＂revolution party＂ to a ＂ruling party＂ （rather than merely obtaining the ruling position）, and hence follow the common rule of national administration. This is proved by the 60-year ruling history of the CPC. Nowadays, the ruling ability of the CPC is challenged by the complexity of situations home and abroad. Therefore, much can be learned from the past experience.