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材料参数对机车车辆结构有限元分析的影响研究

期刊名称：中国铁道科学, 2008, 29(2): 99-103
时间：0
分类：U260[机械工程—车辆工程;交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程;交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]
作者机构：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031
相关基金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（50521503）;教育部创新团队发展计划项目（IRT0452）
相关项目：高速列车运行安全的关键科学技术问题研究

关键词：材料参数, 弹性模量, 泊松比, 结构有限元分析, 有限元离散模型, 边界条件, Material parameter, Elastic modulus, Poisson＇s ratio, Structural finite element analysis, Fi-nite element meshing model, Boundary condition

中文摘要：

针对铁道机车车辆强度计算中广泛存在的各向同性材料结构线性静力有限元分析问题，根据弹性有限元理论进行公式推导和用有限元实例进行计算验证，着重研究有限元计算中弹性模量、泊松比等材料参数对计算结果的影响，得出2类位移边界条件下弹性模量与计算结果间的简单关系。由公式推导过程及分析结果表明，有限元计算能否最大程度地反映结构在实际运用中的承载响应，除材料参数的选取外，更重要的在于合理确定结构有限元模型的离散质量及边界条件。对于铁道机车车辆上的一些传力及承载结构，为了使计算结果在局部及整体能够符合实际情况，必须使用弹性边界元为计算模型提供弹性位移边界。

英文摘要：

The problems of structural linear static finite element analysis for isotropic materials exist widely in the strength calculation of railway locomotive and vehicle. The formula is derived according to elasticity finite element theory and validated through finite element example. The research is focused on the in- fluence of such material parameters as the elastic modulus and Poisson＇s ratio on the calculation results. The simple relations between the elastic modulus and the calculation results are obtained under two kinds of displacement boundary conditions. Formula derivation process and analysis results show that whether the finite element calculation can reflect the greatest extent the bearing response of the structure in practical application depends more on determining reasonably the discrete quality and the boundary conditions of structural finite element model besides choosing material parameters. For some force transmission and load bearing structures of railway locomotive and vehicle, elasticity boundary elements must be adopted to provide the elasticity displacement boundary for the calculation model in order to make the calculation results partially and wholly accord with the actual situation.