中文摘要：

方位多通道 SAR 系统通过抑制多普勒模糊，能够实现高分辨率和宽测绘带（HRWS）对地观测。针对通道间幅相偏差会导致成像结果中出现目标模糊分量的问题，该文提出一种通道相位偏差估计算法。该算法利用通道间相位偏差会造成多通道重构方位谱在主瓣内展宽的特性，通过优化多谱勒谱能够实现通道相位偏差的有效估计。该算法在通道相位偏差估计前不需要进行多普勒中心估计，减小了由多普勒中心估计不准引入的误差，并且在低信噪比的情况下仍然具有良好的估计性能。基于仿真数据和实测数据的实验验证了该文算法的有效性。

英文摘要：

By suppressing the Doppler ambiguity, the along-track multi-channel Synthetic Aperture Radar （SAR） system can simultaneously achieve High-Resolution and Wide-Swath （HRWS） imaging. However, the presence of unavoidable amplitude and phase bias tends to the absence of ambiguous signals in the SAR images. To address this issue, a novel phase bias estimation algorithm based on Doppler spectrum optimization is proposed. By exploiting the fact that phase bias can cause Doppler spectrum broadened, the phase bias can be successfully estimated by optimizing the Doppler spectrum. The Doppler centroid estimation can be avoided before phase biases estimation, which reduces the estimation accuracy caused by the inaccurate Doppler centroid. The proposed algorithm can achieve better performance when Signal to Noise Ratio （SNR） is low. The effectiveness of the algorithm is validated by experimental results carried out on simulated data and SAR data collected by an air- borne multi-channel system.