中文摘要：

砷广泛存在于地质成因的高砷地下水、海洋、矿床水、温泉水、盐碱湖等水环境中。对高砷水环境的研究发现，微生物对砷的迁移转化起着非常重要的作用。本文在广泛查阅国内外高砷水环境中微生物对砷的生态环境效应研究成果的基础上，综述了高砷水环境中微生物对砷的作用过程及机理，对天然高砷地下水的相关研究有借鉴意义。

英文摘要：

Arsenic is widely found in water environments, such as geogenic high arsenic groundwater, ocean water, mining water, hot spring, alkaline-saline lakes. Many studies indicate that microbial activity play an important role on mobilization and transformation of arsenic in the waters. Based on the knowledge of many related references, this paper reviewed characteristics of arsenic-resistant microbes, effects of microbial activity on arsenic transformation, and mechanisms of as metabolization in microbes, which would provide a good inspiration in revealing microbial effects on arsenic mobilization in groundwater.