中文摘要：

通过直接涂片法获得了野生烟草（N.plumbaginifolia）减数分裂期的染色体,利用原子力显微镜对处于粗线期、背景浅的分裂相进行观察.结果显示,该分裂相中染色体宽度为（0.980±0.036）μm;高度为（5.408±0.040）μm;同源染色体互相靠近,有宽度为（0.379±0.022）μm、深度为（0.033±0.014）μm的大沟相隔;部分区域大沟消失,可能为减数分裂期相关蛋白结合所致,与前人研究结果相近.可见,直接涂片法获得的N.plumbaginifolia减数分裂期染色体可以用于原子力显微镜观察.

英文摘要：

Atomic force microscope advantaged with high resolution, displaying the surface morphology of sample and simple samples＇ preparation has become a powerful tool for morphological observation and anal-ysis of chromosome. However, there is few report on applying atomic force microscope to observe meiotic chromosome, especially for plant meiotic chromosomes. In this study, N. plumbaginifolia meiotic chro-mosome has been obtained with the method of direct smear, and division phase at pachytene and light background been observed. The results show that the breadth of chromosome in this division phase is （0. 980±0. 036）μm ; the height is （5. 408±0. 040）μm ; homologous chromosomes approach each other, and they are apart by major groove of （0. 379 ±0. 022）μm width and （0. 033±0. 014）μm depth; in some regions, major groove has disappeared, which may be induced by interacting with associated proteins at meiophase. These are in good agreement with previous results. Therefore, N. plumbagini fo l ia meiotic chromosome obtained by direct smear method can be used in atomic force microscope observation.