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镉和汞胁迫对四角蛤蜊（Mactra veneriformis）血细胞的毒性损伤研究

ISSN号：0029-814X
期刊名称：《海洋与湖沼》
时间：0
分类：X503.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,青岛266071, [2]天津市水产研究所,津300221, [3]大连海洋大学,大连116023
相关基金：国家“973”计划资助项目,2007CB407305号;国家海洋公益性行业科研专项资助项目,200805069号;国家基金委创新研究群体科学基金项目,40821004号;中国科学院创新工程重要方向项目,KZCX2-YW-Q07-03号;天津市科技兴海专项,kx2010-4号.

关键词：镉, 汞, 超微结构, 中性红保持时间, 微核率, 总畸形核率, Cadmium, Mercury, Ultrastructure, Neutral red retention time, Micronuleus frequency, Total abnormal nucleus frequency

中文摘要：

采用透射电镜观察、溶酶体膜稳定性衡量和微核生成率检测的方法,系统研究了室内模拟Cd和Hg污染胁迫对四角蛤蜊血细胞的毒性损伤。结果表明,Cd对四角蛤蜊血细胞超微结构的损伤表现出明显的浓度依赖效应,125μg/L Cd胁迫下血细胞结构损伤程度高于25μg/L Cd胁迫;不同浓度Cd和Hg暴露14天后,各处理组（2μg/L Hg处理组除外）中性红保持时间（NRRT）随胁迫浓度的增高逐渐降低,微核率（MNF）和总畸形核率（TANF）随胁迫浓度的增高而逐渐增大;25μg/L Hg处理组血细胞中性红保持时间要低于25μg/ 处理组,而微核率和总畸形核率则高于25μg/L Cd处理组,说明Hg胁迫对四角蛤蜊血细胞溶酶体膜和细胞核具有更强的损伤作用;相关性分析表明中性红保持时间、微核率和总畸形核率三种指标对于衡量重金属污染对四角蛤蜊血细胞的毒性效应有非常好的协同检测作用,可以作为有效的生物标志物。

英文摘要：

The toxicities of Cd and Hg on the hemocytes of Mactra veneriformis were studied by examining ultrastructural changes, lysosomal membrane stability （measured by neutral red retention time, NRRT）, micronuleus frequency （M-NF） and total abnormal nucleus frequency （TANF） in hemocytes under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the 125μg/L Cd inflicted more injury than 25μg/L Cd, indicating Cd impaired hemocytes in a dose-dependent manner. The NRRTs of all treatments, except 2μg/L Hg, decreased with the increasing exposure concentration. However, MNF and TANF increased as concentrations were elevated. The NRRT of 25μg/L Hg treatment was shorter than that of 25μg/L Cd treatment, while MNF and TANF were higher than those of 25μg/L Cd treatment, respectively. The above results indicate that the injury of Hg to hemocytes is more severely than Cd. In addition, there were significant linear correlations among NRRT, MNF and TANF, suggesting that they can be used in combination to mornitor pollution.