中文摘要：

对于电磁矢量传感器,基于长矢量模型的波达方向（DOA）估计,通常需要高维搜索来获得信号的DOA估计,其搜索过程格外复杂,不适合在实际场合应用。在此提出了一种基于四元数模型的极化信号DOA估计算法。建立了电磁矢量传感器的四元数输出模型,而后利用四元数模型将极化信息从阵列方向矩阵中剥离出去,将高维参数搜索问题简化为低维参数搜索问题,大大地减少计算量。计算机仿真验证了本算法的有效性。

英文摘要：

Most existing direction-of-arrival（DOA） estimation methods based on long vector for electromagnetic sensor generally need a high-dimensional searching process.Since the searching process is complex,these methods are limited in practical applications.A new estimation algorithm of DOA was proposed based on quaternion model in this paper.The signal output model based on quaternion was set for electromagnetic sensor.Based on the quaternion model,only DOA parameters rather than polarization parameters exist in the direction matrix.Thus,the high-dimensional searching process is replaced by the low-dimensional process in the proposed DOA estimation algorithm so that the amount of computation is heavily reduced.The effectiveness of the algorithm was confirmed through computer simulation.