中文摘要：

土壤有机碳库在全球碳循环中起重要作用,影响各生态系统的可持续发展和人类社会发展。茶园作为一种有管理的人工生态系统,评估其栽培管理中土壤有机碳淋溶通量关系到其土壤生态系统的碳储存能力,对促进中国茶业的可持续发展有重要的现实意义。采用原状土柱碳淋溶模拟实验方法,模拟当地强降雨对森林、植茶年限为5年、20年、33年、56年的茶园土壤0～20 cm土层和0～40 cm土层的有机碳（SOC）淋溶规律及淋溶通量。结果表明,0～20 cm土层的SOC淋失通量大于0～40 cm土层,其平均值分别为5607.78 mg·m-2和4358.27 mg·m-2,即0～20 cm土壤层流失的碳22.3%在20～40 cm的土层里被截留,但仍然有占耕层（0～20 cm土层）淋溶损失量77.7%的SOC通过40 cm厚的土层继续向下层淋溶;通过40 cm深土层继续往下淋溶损失的通量与植茶年龄呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,说明延长植茶年限可以减少SOC的淋溶损失而有利于土壤碳的储存。本研究中,未发现SOC淋溶损失通量受茶园土壤本底有机碳浓度、土壤p H、总氮以及铵态氮的影响。

英文摘要：

Soil organic carbon pool plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, and it will affect sustainable development of ecosystems and human society. Tea plantation is an artificially managed ecosystem. The leaching loss fluxes of soil organic carbon（SOC） are evaluated as carbon storage capacity of its soil ecosystem, which has important realistic meanings in improving the sustainable development of tea industry in China. The simulated experimental method of undisturbed soil columns in our study was used to investigate leaching characteristics and fluxes of organic carbon in the soil layers of 0-20 and 0-40 cm from the tea cultivation ages of 0（i.e. forests）, 5, 20, 33 and 56 years. The results showed that： the SOC leaching flux in the layer of 0-20 cm was greater than that in the layer of 0-40 cm and their average values were of 5607.78 and 4358.27 mg·m-2, respectively; i.e. 22.3% of leached organic carbon in the 0-20 cm layer was trapped in the 20-40 cm layer and 77.7% of SOC in the 0-20 cm layer（the tillage layer） was still leached to the deeper layers through 40 cm soil layer. The leaching fluxes through the 40 cm soil layer had a significant negative correlation with the tea planting age（P〈0.05）. It illustrated that the extension of tea cultivation time would reduce the losses of SOC and benefit the conservation of soil carbon. We did not find that SOC leaching fluxes were affected by the original concentration of soil organic carbon, soil p H, nitrogen and ammonium total nitrogen in our study（P〉0.05）.