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中文摘要：
功能梯度材料具有复杂的细部结构，其内部构造远比匀质材料复杂。因此，以目前的实验条件，测量功能梯度材料的参数分布是十分困难的。建议一种新颖的功能梯度构件分析的细观元法。细观力学研究的目的在于建立材料的宏观性能同其组分材料性能及细观构造之间的定量关系，它可揭示不同的材料组合及其变异所具有不同的宏观性能的内在机制。利用细观元法探讨功能梯度材料与结构的识别问题，即在已知实验测量的位移或固有频率的情况下，对功能梯度材料的组分分布及组成材料名称进行识别。
英文摘要：
There are complex microstructures of functionally graded materials,and its internal structure is more complex than the homogeneous material＇s. It was difficult to point by point test the parameters distribution of functionally graded materials according to the experimental conditions. Therefore, a new microelement method for the analysis of functionally graded structures was suggested to establish quantitative relation between the macro-character and microstructures of functionally graded materials, and the mechanism, that different combination and variation of materials have different macro-character, can be founded. The identification of functionally graded materials and structures is researched by the microelement method in this paper. Namely,the materials component distributions and materials names of constituents of functionally graded structures are identified by the known displacement or natural frequency.
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