中文摘要：

水资源短缺和污染问题的严峻使得水行政主管部门不得不调整水资源利用方式,逐渐采取市场化配置手段,而推行水权交易制度是市场化配置手段的重要突破。为了保障试点区水权交易的公平与效率,需要建立健全的监管机制。本文通过对我国水权交易监管现状和存在问题的梳理,论证对水权交易进行监管的必要性,提出水权交易监管的组织架构,水权交易准入、备案、补偿和评价制度的监管制度,并提出相应对策建议,力求在完善的监管制度下更好地发挥政府与市场在水权交易中的作用。

英文摘要：

The problems of water resource shortage and pollution are so serious that water administrative departments have to adjust the present methods of utilizing water resource,take the means of market allocation gradually. The implementation of water right transaction system is an important breakthrough in the means of market allocation. In order to ensure the fairness and efficiency of water right transaction in the trial areas, we need to build a sound supervision system. Through the analysis of the current situation and existing problems of water right transaction, we demonstrate the necessity of establishing water right transaction supervision system,propose the organization structure of water right transaction regulation and supervision system of market access, record, compensation and evaluation.Then,we put forward some suggestions, and strive to improve the supervision system so that the government and market can have worked in the transaction of water rights.