中文摘要：

慢性肾脏病（CKD）是全球常见病，在我国其发病率也逐年增加。高发病率、发展至终末期肾脏疾病及心脑血管病风险增加，使其成为威胁人类健康的重大疾病之一。而组织异常缺氧在CKD（如慢性肾小球、肾小管和间质病变以及糖尿病、高血压、贫血、梗阻性肾病等）进展中扮演着重要角色。肾组织异常缺氧区域基因表达模式的改变、相关的适应性反应通路的激活以及各种有害介质的释放，共同参与了慢性肾脏损伤的进展。

英文摘要：

Chronic kidney disease（CKD） is a globally common disease, and the incidence continues to grow in China. The high incidence, development to the end stage renal disease and the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are increasing,making it one of the major diseases threatening human health. The abnormal hypoxia plays an important role in the progression of CKD, such as chronic glomerular, renal tubule and interstitial lesions, as well as diabetes,hypertensive disease, anemia, obstructive nephropathy and so on. The changes of the gene expression pattern in the kidney tissue, the activation of the adaptive response pathway, and the release of harmful mediators medium are involved in the progress of chronic renal damage.