中文摘要：

为探讨极端干旱区风沙土土壤微生物与土壤环境因子的作用规律，采用相关分析法研究了塔里木沙漠公路防护林地土壤微生物生物量与理化因子和酶活性的关系．结果表明：土壤容重和粒径减小（R＜-0．84）、含水量和孔隙增大（R＞0．85）时，防护林地中土壤微生物数量和生物量有增大趋势，由容重与微生物量的相关性主导；土壤养分含量与土壤微生物数量和生物量呈正相关，主要由速效养分和放线菌、微生物生物量C、P的相关性所致；土壤酶活性与土壤微生物数量和生物量的相关性差异较大，尺在0．51—0．91，主要取决于蔗糖酶、磷酸酶与放线菌、微生物量C的相关；土壤盐分增加不利于土壤微生物生物量的积累（R＜-0．71）；土壤微生物数量与生物量呈较高正相关（R＞0．63）．实践中应为干旱区林地土壤微生物营造良好的土体，促进土壤物质循环．

英文摘要：

By using correlation analysis, this paper studied the relationships of soil microbial quantity and biomass with soil physical and chemical factors and enzyme activities in highway shelter-forests of Tarim Desert, aimed to approach the interactions between microbes and environmental factors in aeolian sandy soil of extremely arid area. The results showed that soil microbial quantity and biomass in the shelter-forests had an increasing trend with the decrease of soil bulk density and particle size （ R 〈 - 0.84） and the increase of soil moisture content and porosity （R 〉 0.85 ） , with the correlation between soil microbial biomass and soil bulk density as the key. Soil microbial quantity and biomass were positively correlated with soil nutrient contents, mainly caused by the correlations of soil actinomycetes and microbial biomass C and P with soil available nutrients. Greater differences （R = 0. 51-0. 91 ） were observed in the correlations of soil enzyme activities with soil microbial quantity and biomass, which was mainly determined by the correlations of soil invertase and phosphatase activities with soil actinomycetes and microbial biomass C. The increase of soil salt content was not favorable to the accumulation of soil microbial biomass （ R 〈 - 0.71 ） , and there was a higher positive correlation （ R 〉 0.63 ） between soil microbial amount and biomass. In practice, good soil condition should be established in the forestlands of arid area for the development of soil microbes and the promotion of soil matter cycling.