中文摘要：

介绍了射电天文望远镜接收机杜瓦温度与真空度监测系统的设计，具体讨论了监测系统的硬件结构与嵌入式TCP／IP协议在该系统中的实现。针对目前大量使用8位微控制器的嵌入式系统，硬件主控系统芯片采用ATMEL公司生产的8位单片机ATmega16，网络控制芯片采用美国MICROCHIP公司生产的带SPJ接口的独立以太网微控制器ENC28J60，设计实现了低成本、高效率、高稳定性的性能参数监测系统。对该系统进行测试分析、数据比对，测试结果表明该系统能够高效与PC机进行通信，PC机所接收到的温度值与标准数据的误差在±0．3K范围内，接收到的真空值绝对误差在±10ubar范围内，能够达到系统设计要求。

英文摘要：

This paper gives the design and implementation of a monitoring system for the temperature and vacuum degree of the dewar of an astronomical radio receiver. We discuss the details of the hardware structure of monitoring and the embedded TCP/IP. Following the current wide-spread use of 8-bit microcontrollers the embedded system uses the controlling chip ATmegal6 produced by the ATMEL and an independent Ethernet microcontroller ENC28J60 with SPI interface produced by the Microchip. The monitoring system based on Ethernet has low cost, high efficiency, and high stability. Test results show that the system can transmit data highly effectively with personal computers （PCs）. The error of temperature value received by a PC is within ＋0. 3 K, and the error of the vacuum-degree value received by a PC is within ± 10 ubar. These can meet the system design requirements.