中文摘要：

介绍国际火星探测计划和基于国际火星探测数据建立的火星重力场模型,阐述SGG-Doppler-VLBI跟踪观测模式的测量原理和优点,并建议中国将来首期火星卫星重力测量计划采用SGG-Doppler-VLBI观测模式和静电悬浮重力梯度仪。

英文摘要：

The implemented international Martian exploration programs including ＂Mars,Zond and Phobos-1/2＂ in USSR,＂Mariner,Viking,Mars Observer,Mars Global Surveyor,Mars Pathfinder,Mars Climate Orbiter,Mars Polar Lander,Mars Odyssey,Spirit,Opportunity,Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Phoenix＂ in USA,＂Mars-96＂ in Russia,＂Hope＂ in Japan and ＂Mars Express＂ in Europe,and the future domestic and overseas Martian measurement missions are presented.The Martian gravitational field models produced by Martian observations are introduced amply,which including.1） the U.S.： 6×4,6×6,10×10,Mars50c,MGS75B,MGS75D/E,MGS85F/F2/H2,MGS95I/J,GMM-1,GMM-2B,GGM1025 and GGM1041C.2） the U.K.： 6×6.3） France： 18×18 and MGGM08A.The measuring principle and advantages in the SGG-Doppler-VLBI tracking mode are described,which will be applied in the future first-stage China＇s Martian satellite gravity measurement.It is concluded that the electrostatic suspension gravity gradiometer is preferable in the future first-stage Martian satellite gravity gradiometry mission in China by a comparison of strongpoints and shortcomings from electrostatic suspension,superconducting and quantum gravity gradiometers.