中文摘要：

以单质B i,Sb和Te粉末为原材料,通过真空电弧等离子体蒸发法合成了（B ixSb1-x）2Te3热电粉末材料。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、能谱分析（EDS）,场发射扫描电子显微术（FE-SEM）,透射电子显微术（TEM）和选区电子衍射（SAED）分析方法对（B ixSb1-x）2Te3粉末材料的物相结构、成分和形貌进行了表征。XRD图谱的3强衍射峰分别为（015）,（1010）和（110）,（B ixSb1-x）2Te3纳米粉末的XRD图谱与标准XRD图谱峰（49-1713）相对应,宽化的衍射峰表明了粉末的晶粒具有纳米尺度。能谱定量分析表明B i和Sb的原子百分比分别为18.1%,20.3%,两者原子百分比之和为38.4%,Te的原子百分比是61.6%。场发射扫描电子显微分析表明纳米粉末颗粒尺寸比较均匀,粉末存在团聚现象,大多数粉末都呈椭球形。透射电子显微分析表明（B ixSb1-x）2Te3纳米粉末的平均粒径约为50 nm,粉末呈不规则的多面体结构,还有一些薄片状和棒状的结构,这与B i2Te3基半导体化合物的高度各向异性是一致的。（B ixSb1-x）2Te3纳米粉末的选区电子衍射图表明每一个颗粒是由许多小晶核组成的,证明了颗粒是以纳米尺度生长。由于晶粒取向随机,且晶粒细小引起有许多衍射斑组成的衍射环的宽化,揭示了（B ixSb1-x）2Te3纳米粉末的多晶结构。

英文摘要：

With bismuth,antimony and tellurium as raw materials,（BixSb1-x）2Te3 thermoelectric nanopowders were prepared by vacuum arc plasma evaporation technique.Microstructure and morphology of the samples were characterized via X-ray diffraction（XRD）,field emission scanning electron microscope（FE-SEM）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and selected area electron diffraction（SAED）.Compositional analysis was carried out by energy dispersive analysis of X-rays（EDS）.It was observed that the（015）,（1010） and（110） planes became the most intense peak.The XRD pattern of（BixSb1-x）2Te3 nanopowders could be well indexed to the standard reference code（49-1713）.The broadening of the diffraction peaks indicated that the samples were nanosized.The atomic percentage of the elements Bi and Sb were 18.1% and 20.3% respectively.The atomic percentage of both was 38.4%.The atomic percentage of the elements Te was 61.6%.FE-SEM results showed that the nanopowders particle sizes were uniform.The nanopowders showed aggregation and spherical morphology.TEM results showed that average particle size of as-synthesized（BixSb1-x）2Te3 nanopowders was about 50 nm.Irregular polyhedrons,flake and rod-like structure were consistent with high anisotropy of Bi2Te3-based semiconductor compound.Electron diffraction revealed that each particle was composed of many small crystal nuclei,which was convincing proof that the particles grew in nano-scale.Tropism of the particles at random and small particles caused the widening of diffraction rings that were made up of many diffraction spots,which indicated that（BixSb1-x）2Te3 nanopowders were polycrystalline structure.