中文摘要：

【目的】探讨长期不同施肥对土壤团聚体分布及其稳定性的影响，以及团聚体中有机碳对碳投入的响应。【方法】采集经历30年不同施肥处理后的紫色水稻土，利用湿筛法分离〉2mm、0．25～2mm、0．053～0．25mm和〈0．053mm团聚体组分，并分析团聚体的稳定性以及年均碳投入量和有机碳固定速率的关系。【结果】与不施肥（CK）比较，施肥（N、NP、NPK、M、MN、MNP和MNPK）使〉2mm团聚体所占比例提高了9．6％～36．1％，0．25～2mm团聚体降低了6．7％～26．3％，0．053～0．25mm和〈0．053mm团聚体所占比例基本稳定；单施化肥处理（N、NP和NPK）没有显著提高土壤团聚体的稳定性，化肥与有机肥配施（MNP和MNPK）显著增加团聚体的稳定性。与CK相比，施肥显著增加土壤总有机碳和〉2mm团聚体有机碳含量，其他粒径团聚体碳含量略有提高，但未达显著水平；化肥配施有机肥对团聚体有机碳含量增加效果优于单施化肥。CK和N处理土壤有机碳损失速率为0．08t／（hm。·a）和0．02t／（hm2·a），单施化肥（NP和NPK）、单施有机肥（M）、化肥配施有机肥（MN、MNP和MNPK）处理土壤有机碳的固定速率分别为0．14、0．10和0．17t／（hm2·a）。土壤有机碳的固定速率与碳投入呈显著的线性相关关系（R2=0．531，P〈0．05），碳转化效率为3．3％；随碳投入的增加，各粒径团聚体碳含量均增加，且〉2mm团聚体的碳增加速率远远高于其他团聚体。【结论】化肥配施有机肥增强团聚体稳定性效果优于单施化肥；本试验紫色水稻土的有机碳还没有达到饱和，仍具有一定固碳潜力，增加的有机碳主要固持在〉2mm团聚体中。

英文摘要：

[ Objectives ] The objectives of this study were to investigate influences of long-term different fertilizer treatments on distribution and stability （ in terms of mean weight diameter, MWD） of soil aggregates and responses of carbon maintained in soil aggregates to carbon input in a 30-year＇s field fertilizer experiment. [ Methods ] Soil samples were separated into four aggregate-size classes （ 〉2 mm, 0. 25 -2 ram, 0. 053 -0. 25 mm, and 〈0. 053 mm） by the wet sieving method, and distribution of soil aggregates and relationship between carbon sequestration rate and carbon input were analyzed. [ Results ] Compared with CK, all the fertilizer treatments （N, NP, NPK, M, MN, MNP and MNPK） significantly improve the proportions of 〉2 mm soil aggregates by 9. 6%-36. 1% , but reduce 0. 25 -2 mm aggregates by 6.7%-26.3% , while there are no significant impact on aggregates within the range of 0. 053 -0.25 mm or 〈 0. 053 mm. Application of mere chemical fertilizer（s） （ N, NP and NPK） does not significantly change stability of soil aggregates, but the combined application of manure with chemical fertilizers （MNP and MNPK ） does significantly enhance stability of soil aggregates. Compared with CK, all fertilizer treatments significantly increase the total soil organic carbon content and that in 〉 2 mm fraction, and the combination of chemical fertilizers and manure achieves even better results than the application of chemical fertilizer （s）. After the 30-year experiment, the soil organic carbon contents in CK and N treatments are reduced, and the decomposition rates in these two treatments are 0.08 t/（ hm2 ~ a） arid 0.02 t/（ hm2 ~ a）, respectively. The averaged soil carbon sequestration rates in the treatments of chemical fertilizers （ NP and NPK）, M and combined application （ MN, MNP and MNPK） are 0. 14, 0. 10 and 0. 17 t/ （hm2 ~ a）, respectively. There was a significant positive linear correlation between carbon sequestration and carbon input （ R2 = 0. 531, P ?