中文摘要：

背景主观嗅觉的测试是容易的表现并且流行地在诊所适用，但是仅仅使用这些，诊断嗅觉的系统的所有混乱是困难的。相关潜力技术为进一步的卓见提供进嗅觉的系统并且是理想的客观测试的嗅觉的事件。这分析具有有与上面的呼吸感染(URI ) 联系的味觉的损失的 12 个病人的嗅觉的函数上的主观、客观的数据。我们与 URI 测试了 12 个病人的方法由病历，头和颈的物理考试，嗅觉的测试和医药成像导致了嗅觉的损失。嗅觉的功能被包括嗅觉的察觉和识别阀值和与 OEP-98C Olfactometer 记录的嗅觉的事件相关的潜力(OERP ) 的丰田和 Takagi olfactometry 估计。结果不平常的现象在主观察觉和识别阀值是谁正常的五个病人被观察，当期望的 OERP 不是可检测的时。我们建议的结论在嗅觉的 psychophysical 大小和 OERP 之间的不和可能是与嗅觉的神经病相关的反常 electrephysiology 的结果，这由病毒的 URI 引起了。另外， OERP 的测量可能在评估嗅觉的机能障碍起一个重要作用。

英文摘要：

Background Subjective olfactory tests are easy to perform and popularly applied in the clinic, but using only these, it is difficult to diagnose all disorders of the olfactory system. The olfactory event related potentials technique offers further insight into the olfactory system and is an ideal objective test. This analysis was of subjective and objective data on the olfactory function of twelve patients with loss of smell associated with an upper respiratory infection （URI）. Methods We tested the twelve patients with URI induced olfactory loss by medical history, physical examination of the head and neck, olfactory tests and medical imaging. Olfactory function was assessed by Toyota and Takagi olfactometry including olfactory detection and recognition thresholds and olfactory event-related potentials （OERPs） recorded with OEP-98C Olfactometer. Results An unusual phenomenon was observed in five patients in whom the subjective detection and recognition thresholds were normal, while the expected OERPs were not detectable. Conclusions We suggest that the discordance between olfactory psychophysical measurements and OERPs might be the results of abnormal electrophysiology related with olfactory neuropathy caused by viral URI. In addition, the measurement of OERPs might play a significant role in evaluating olfactory dysfunction.