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中文摘要：
根据陕西省防汛信息中心428个测站的实时数据及国家气象信息中心的资料对延安市近62年降水特征和典型年暴雨特征进行分析。结果表明：延安降水年内分布不均,夏季降水占全年降水的50%-60%,汛期降水占全年降水的70%左右;汛期降水量和全年降水量呈现高度的相关性。典型年暴雨分析结果显示：延安降水超过500mm的区域主要分布在中部的宝塔区和东部的延川县和延长县。近10年来汛期降水实测数据表明,尽管在该区域总降水日中,小雨和中雨所占比例大,但近年汛期降水有增多趋势。为了主动应对局地大暴雨,应进一步加强防汛信息系统建设,提高防汛预警能力和快速反应能力。
英文摘要：
The precipitation characteristics and the typical rainstorm characteristics for the past 62 years in Yan＇an city,Shaanxi province were analyzed based on the real- time data and historical data obtained from the flood control information center of Shaanxi province and the National Meteorological Information Center. The results indicated that the Yan＇an annual rainfall distribution was uneven. The summer precipitation accounts for nearly 50- 60% of the annual total precipitation,and precipitation in flood season accounted for about 70% of the annual total precipitation. The correlation analysis found that precipitation in flood season and annual precipitation exhibited high correlation. Typical rainfall analysis showed that the areas with precipitation above 500 mm mainly distributed in the central of Baota district,eastern Yan Chuan county and Yan Chang county. The real- time precipitation in flood season for the past 10 years showed that although the number of light and moderate rain were large proportion in the region total precipitation days,but the precipitation in flood season had increased in recent years. In order to actively cope with local heavy rainfall,we should strengthen the construction of flood control information system and improve flood warning and rapid response capability.
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