中文摘要：

利用MADYMO仿真分析软件建立了包括BioRIDⅡ假人、座椅和安全带在内的追尾碰撞模型，研究了在追尾碰撞中，座椅特性和乘员位置对乘员动力学响应和颈部损伤的影响。仿真分析结果表明，头枕位置、靠背刚度、靠背倾角调节器特性和乘员乘坐姿势对乘员头颈部的动力学响应有很大影响，通过合理的座椅设计可以显著降低颈部损伤风险。

英文摘要：

A rear impact model with BioRID Ⅱ dummy,seat and seat belt was built using MADYMO code,and the influence of seat properties and seating posture on occupant kinematics responses and neck injuries was studied. The simulation results show that head restraint position, seat back cushion stiffness,recliner stiffness and occupant seating posture have great influence on occupant head-neck kinematics responses, neck injury risks can be reduced by proper seat design.