中文摘要：

通过文献综述的方法，就技术创新与企业规模间的关系展开了分析，并以美国为例展开了实证研究，得出了具有普遍意义的结论。基于建设创新型国家的现实背景，认为针对市场的失灵，政府政策必须向创新前端环节前移，直接介入处于种子期、初创期科技型中小企业，帮助企业走出死亡陷阱是政府的重要责任。

英文摘要：

Through the method of literature review, the article analyzes on the relation between technological in- novation and enterprise scale, makes empirical research on the case of United States and draws a conclusion with uni- versal significance. Based on the realistic background of constructing innovative country, it considers that, according to the market failure, government policy must subsidizes to the forefront area of innovation, and intervenes the mid-- and small--scale enterprises with science and technology which are in the seed stage or the start--up stage direct- ly. It is the important responsibility of the government to help enterprises to go out of the death trap.