中文摘要：

自噬是亚细胞膜结构发生动态变化并经溶酶体介导对细胞内蛋白质和细胞器降解的过程。通过平衡细胞合成和分解代谢，自噬稳定细胞内环境，维持细胞的存活。然而，过度自噬可导致细胞发生Ⅱ型程序性细胞死亡。自噬与凋亡在细胞死亡过程中的关系十分密切。本文对自噬的过程及其在细胞存活和死亡中的作用作一综述。

英文摘要：

Autophagy is a process in which the subcellular membrane structures undergo dynamic morphological changes that lead to degradation of cellular proteins and organelles by lysosomes. Autophagy stabilizes intracellular environment and maintains cell survival through balancing anabolic metabolism and catabolism. However, overactive autophagy may induce the type Ⅱ programmed cell death. There is a close relationship between autophagy and apoptosis during cell death. This review focuses on the proces- ses of autophagy and its roles in cell survival and cell death.