中文摘要：

利用青海湖流域内刚察气象站1958—2001年的逐日降水和气温资料，分析了流域内的气候变化特征。结果表明，日降水量P≤5mm的降水总量以9mm／10a的速率显著减少，已从1960s的130．8mm／a减少为1990s的116．2mm／a，而P≥20mm的降水总量以9mm／10a的速率显著增加，已从29．7mm／a增加为36．9mm／a；连续无降水最长天数由1960s的32d／a增加为1990s的45d／a，至少10d连续无降水总天数由103d／a增加为145d／a。逐年平均温度40a来明显升高，已从1960s的-0．7℃升至1990s的0．1℃，且与逐年极端低温升高有较好相关性。1990s与1960s的同日平均气温相比，已有261d变暖（占年天数的71．2％），且主要发生在冬季。这种气候变化特征对流域内的青海湖水位和河川径流有重要影响。

英文摘要：

The daily precipitation （P） and temperature changes in the Qinghai Lake watershed from 1958 to 2001 were analyzed using the records from Gangeha Meteorological Station. Results show that the yearly total rainfall of 0 〈 P 〈 5 mm decreased significantly from 130. 8 mm/a in 1960s to 116.2 mm/a in 1990s at a rate of -9 mm/10 a, whereas the yearly total rainfall of P≥20 mm increased from 29.7 mm/a in 1960s to 36.9 mm/a in 1990s at a rate of 9 mm/10 a. The longest dry period expanded from 32 d/a in 1960s to 45 d/ a in 1990s, and the total days for more than 10 successive no - rainfall days changed from 103 d/a to 145 d/a. The average annual temperature increased from -0.7 ℃ in 1960s to 0.1 ℃in 1990s, and closely connected with the extreme low temperature changes. The daily temperature in 1990s was much higher than that in 1960s, and its increase mainly occurred in winter. These climatic changes had great impacts on Qinghai Lake level and runoffs in this watershed.