中文摘要：

虚拟水是水资源管理领域提出的新概念，水足迹是继生态足迹以后的又一衡量资源占有量的新方法，这两个概念深刻的揭示了生产产品和居民生活消费所需要的水资源量。根据虚拟水与水足迹的计算方法对2000年江西省主要农产品虚拟水含量和城乡居民生活消费虚拟水含量进行计算，然后与陕西、甘肃两省城乡居民生活消费虚拟水含量进行比较分析，得出了调整区域生产与消费结构，增加虚拟水贸易，是缓解我国缺水地区水资源短缺与社会、经济发展矛盾的新途径的结论。

英文摘要：

Virtual water is a new concept in water resources management, while water footprint is another new method of calculating resources after the ecological footprint. They profoundly post the amount of virtual water in products and the consumptions of residents. In this paper, according to virtual water and water footprint calculation methods, virtual water contents in the primary farm products and virtual water consumption of residents in Jiangxi Province in 2000 are calculated. Then the difference in virtual water consumption between residents in Jiangxi Province, Shaanxi Province and Gansu Province is analyzed. The result shows that we can adjust the pattern of regional production and consumption and improve virtual water trade in order to alleviate the contradiction between socioeconomic development and the shortage of water resources.