中文摘要：

企业基本活动外包通过发挥规模经济提高运营效率,支持性活动的外包通过提高专业化水平,获得更高的资源配置效率。它们分别以关系性和结构性两种方式嵌入到制造业价值链中,形成了不同的网络关系。需要根据其经济特征和嵌入关系类型制定不同的政策,形成生产性服务业和制造业的协同演进,实现产业升级。发展关系性嵌入生产服务的重点是通过商业模式创新发现更有效率的价值创造方式,实现潜在的规模经济。生产性服务企业和制造企业需要形成超越一般市场交换的社会关系,通过信息交换和知识分享提高价值链的整体效率。结构性嵌入生产服务的效率提升不仅与自身的专业化水平有关,也与社会分工水平、技术水平、人力资本水平、社会环境等因素相关,更需要一个综合的政策予以推进。

英文摘要：

Primary activities service outsourcing raises running efficiency by realizing scale economy.Support activities service outsourcing allocates resources more efficiently by raising specialization level.They embed in value chain of manufacturing according to relational embeddedness or structural embeddedness.The government should formulate policy to promote co-evolution of producer service and manufacture due to economic characteristic and types of embeddedness.It is important that company innovate business model to realize scale economy to develop producer service of relational embeddedness.Company of producer service and company of manufacture need build up social relationship to exchange information and sharing knowledge to improve total efficiency of value chain.We need series of comprehensive policies to develop producer service of structural embeddedness because its efficiency has contact with specialization,social division,technology,human capital,social environment and so on.