中文摘要：

辽东地区新石器时代的水洞下层文化、后洼上层文化和小珠山中层文化均是以施刻划纹陶器为代表的考古学文化。从陶器的亲缘关系上看，后洼上层文化是由水洞下层文化发展而来的，并演变为小珠山中层文化，他们属于前后相继、一脉相承的同一文化系统。文章在梳理了水洞下层文化系统发展脉络的基础上，进一步探讨了其与周边考古学文化的关系。

英文摘要：

The three Neolithic cultures in Liaodong region, the lower layer of Shuidong, the upper layer of Houwa and the middle layer of Xiaozhushan, were the same archaeological cultures represented for their potteries decorated with Characterization of Grain. The upper layer of Houwa Culture was originated from the lower layer of shuidong Culture, and developed into the middle layer of Xiaozhushan Culture. The three cultures mentioned above were belong to the same cultural system with different developing stages. Based on researc- hing work, the paper studied the relation between the lower layer of shuidong Culture with the other cultures around it.