中文摘要：

范德瓦尔斯异质结是二维材料以特定顺序堆叠所形成的人工材料，其具有优异的光电特性。主要介绍了石墨烯、硫化钼、硒化钼等不同的二维材料构成的范德瓦尔斯异质结的制备方法和注意事项，以及范德瓦尔斯异质结光电学性质及具体器件性能的研究现状。阐述了范德瓦尔斯异质结层与层之间、单层与多层之间相互作用影响的研究概况，以及范德瓦尔斯异质结中耦合特性及对光电性质的影响规律。最后指出，大面积二维材料的制备、层与层之间的能带工程的研究将是范德瓦尔斯异质结研究的关键，范德瓦尔斯异质结在半导体行业必将具有广阔前景。

英文摘要：

The van der Waals heterostructure is a two-dimensional material in a specific order of stacking the formation of artificial materials, and has excellent photoelectric properties. The preparation methods and precautions of the van der Waals heterostructures composed by gra- phene, molybdenum sulfide, molybdenum selenide and other different two-dimensional materials are reviewed. At the same time, the optical and electrical properties of the van der Waals hetero- structures and the research status of the performances for specific devices are introduced. The re- searches on the effects of the interaction between monolayer and monolayer or monolayer and multilayers in the van der Waals heterostructures are described, and the coupling characteristics and the influence law of photoelectric properties in van der waals heterostructures are introduced. Finally, it is pointed out that the preparation of large-area two-dimensional materials and the study of energy-band engineering of layers and layers will be the key to the study of van der Waals heterostructures. The van der Waals heterostructures in the semiconductor industry will have broad prospects.