中文摘要：

目的：检验中国居民健康“梯度”（健康状况与社会经济地位相关关系）中的城乡差异。方法：基于混合截面数据和面板数据的多元回归方法。结果：在控制了其他各种影响因素以后，使用多种健康指标和社会经济地位指标的计量分析均表明，我国农村居民的健康状况对社会经济地位的依赖性比城市居民更强。在使用面板数据固定效应回归模型排除了个人不可观察因素的影响之后，这种城乡差异依然显著。结论：本文对产生这一现象的原因进行了定性分析。认为关键原因在于我国的公共服务体系特别是医疗保障体系中存在巨大的城乡差距，农村居民处于劣势。

英文摘要：

Objective： To test the rural-urban differences in the health gradient, i.e. the correlation between health status and so- cioeconomic status. Methods： Using pooled data and panel data based on multivariate regressions respectively. Results： with other fac- tors being controlled econometric analysis; using multiple health indicators and multiple SES indices show that the heahh-SES relation- ship is significantly stronger in rural residents than in urban residents. Particularly, this rural-urban difference is still significant when unobservable personal effects are excluded by using panel-data fixed-effect model. Conclusion： The causes for this phenomenon are qualitatively analyzed, attributing the key reason to the rural-urban gap in public service system, esp. in health care system in China.