中文摘要：

针对基夫赛特炉熔炼区余热锅炉上升段水冷壁频发的腐蚀漏水事故,对失效段水冷壁管道进行了外观形貌分析,并采用XRD、ICP-AES等方法对受热面附着物、水冷面水垢的元素和物相含量,以及循环水的离子浓度等进行检测与分析。结果表明,水冷壁受热面在高温、高SO_2气氛下受到碱金属硫酸盐（如K_2SO_4）和硫化物（如Fe S）的作用,形成硫酸盐型和硫化物型高温腐蚀,破坏了Fe_2O_3保护膜,使金属铁不断流失,管道变薄;循环水中的PO_4~（3-）浓度不稳定,有时远低于相关标准,不能及时分解CaSO_4,导致管道内壁结垢、传热效率降低,加剧管道受热面的高温腐蚀;同时循环水pH偏高导致管内发生碱性腐蚀和吸氧腐蚀,加剧管壁变薄。水冷壁两侧腐蚀与内侧结垢的综合作用导致水冷壁局部蚀穿漏水。

英文摘要：

Because of the frequent leaking of the water wall at the the smelting area heat recovery steam generator of KIVCET furnace, surface characteristic analysis was done to the pipe sample. The heated half is thinner than the cooler half. The composition of the deposits on the fireside and the scales on the waterside, and the circulating water ion concentration were analyzed by XRD and ICP-AES. The fireside suffered from high temperature corrosion because of the alkali metal sulfate and sulfide in the high temperature and SO2 concentration flue gas, which destroyed the Fe203 film and thinning the pipes. The waterside scaled because of the unstable concentration of PO4^3- in the water, which lowered the heat transfer efficiency, and aggravated the high temperature corrosion. The over high pH value led to alkaline corrosion and oxygen absorption corrosion on the waterside, which accelerated thinning the pipes. Comprehensive factors caused the failure finally.