中文摘要：

具有刺激响应特性的高分子材料是目前高分子研究中的重要领域。机械力作为一种新型的刺激源,具有与传统光、热等刺激源不同的特点。机械应力刺激可以从来源上分为宏观机械力与微观机械力,宏观机械力早在人类发展初期已被广泛用于高分子材料的处理。而微观机械力对高分子作用的原理和应用近年来才逐渐成为研究重点。本文从高分子机械力响应的原理出发,分类阐述了各种机械力响应系统。其中,按照断裂的化学键将其分为共价键体系和非共价键体系。而共价键体系可以进一步按照环状结构与线型结构分为两大类。此外,本文还总结了已有应用,包括用于应力拆分外消旋体、应力活化催化剂及应力用于研究反应机理等。

英文摘要：

The study of polymer materials with stimulation responsibility has been one of the current cores in polymer research. Serving as an innovative stimulating source, mechanical force owns several properties different from traditional sources such as light and heat. Mechanical forces can be divided into two categories from their origins, i.e. the microscopic mechanical force and the macroscopic one. Mechanical force at macroscopic level has long been utilized to process and mold polymer materials even since ancient time of human history. However, the principles and applications of microscopic mechanical force responsive polymer has not been focused on until the past decades. In this review, we start from the analysis of the mechanochemical principles, followed by the exhibition of various mechanical force responsive systems divided into different groups. Specially, according to the bonds responsively broken by mechanical force, we divided them into covalent bond system and non-covalent bond system. The covalent bond systems can be further separated into cyclic structure systems and linear ones. Additionally, this article has provided a window into the existing interdisciplinary applications, including mechanical force stimulated racemic isolation, mechanical force stimulated catalyst activation, mechanical force assisted mechanism study, and so on. We hope the review can have the potential to offer some meaningful points to the en route development of mechanochemical systems and their further applications.