中文摘要：

为了揭示棉花腺体发育的分子机制,本研究利用RNA-Seq对棉花无腺体性状近等基因系Z12/Z12YW的幼嫩叶片进行转录组测序,寻找差异表达基因。转录组测序结果表明,与有腺体棉Z12相比,无腺体棉Z12YW中共有306个基因表达发生变化,其中282个基因下调,24个基因上调。差异表达基因GO（Gene ontology）功能注释显示,细胞组分、胞外基质组分的功能变化以及细胞杀伤生物学过程在腺体形成过程中发挥重要作用;COG（Cluster of orthologous groups）功能和KEGG（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes）通路显著性富集发现,棉酚等萜烯物质的合成主要受甲羟戊酸途径上游基因的表达调控。此外,本研究共筛选到13个差异表达转录因子,可能在腺体发育和棉酚合成过程中发挥关键作用。

英文摘要：

The expression changes of transcriptome of tender leaves of Z12/Z12YW were analyzed by RNA-Seq to reveal the molecular mechanism of gland formation. Z12/Z12YW are cotton near-isogenic lines with a common genetic background but contrasting a gland phenotype. A total of 306 differentially expressed genes were uncovered, of which 282 were down-regulated and 24 were up-regulated in the glandless material Z12YW. Gene Ontology functional annotation showed that the cell part, the extracellular matrix part and the cell killing played important roles in the process of gland development. Clustering of Ortholo- gous groups and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses revealed that the upstream key genes of the mevalonate pathway had a great influence on the biosynthesis of gossypol and other terpene compounds. In addition, we screened 13 transcription factors with different expression levels, which might display key function in gland formation and gossypol biosynthesis.