中文摘要：

利用微卫星标记技术，分析了山西黎城大青羊、吕梁黑山羊、阳城白山羊、新疆南疆山羊、新疆北疆山羊以及宁夏中卫山羊6个地方山羊品种的分子水平上的遗传多样性，结果表明：19个微卫星位点均为中度和高度多态位点，平均多态信息含量（PIC）达0．6859-0．7083；6个品种平均位点杂合度在0．3832-0．4277之间。遗传分化系数表明：BM203、BM023、BMS6526和BM8754个位点的遗传分化系数（GST）估算值较大，分别为0．0475、0．0491、0．0107和0．0262，BM3033值最小，为0，表明前4个位点在不同品种间的基因分化占总群杂合度的4．75％、4．91％、1．07％和2．6％；其它位点遗传分化系数（Gsr）值不高，遗传变异主要存在于各个品种内，品种间遗传变异不大。以Nei氏标准遗传距离的UPGMA和N-J聚类结果表明，吕梁黑山羊与阳城白山羊具有较近的亲缘关系，黎城大青羊与新疆南疆山羊具有较近的亲缘关系；以共祖距离的UPGMA和N-J聚类结果，阳城白山羊与新疆南疆山羊亲缘关系较近，山西地方山羊与新疆山羊有可能存在一定的基因交流。

英文摘要：

The genetic diversity of six native goats in China was surveyed using 19 microsatellite loci. The six goats included Licheng blue goat, lvliang black goat, Yangcheng white goat, Xinjiang goat in North, Xinjiang goat in Sourth and Zhongwei goat in Ningxia. The 19 microsatellite loci showed middle high and high polymorphism information content value. The mean polymorphism information content value was between 0.6859-0.7083, which indicated that the 6 breeds had abundant genetic diversity. The mean heterozygosity was between 0.3832-0.4277; the coefficient ofgene differentiation was large in the BM203, BM023, BMS6526, BM875 loci, which were 0.0475,0.0491,0.0107 and 0.0262.respectively; the one of BM3033 was 0. The four allelic gcne differentiation are 4.75%,4.91%, 1.07% and 2.6% respectively, of total gcne diversity respectively. It showed that the gcne differentiation was remarkable in every breeds but not between the breeds. In the UPGMA dendrogram and N-J based on the Nei genetic distance, Lvliang black goat and the Yangcheng white goat had the intimate relationship; Lichcng goat and Xinjiang nanjiang goat had the close relationship;In the UPGMA dendrogram and NJ dcndrogram by coancestry distance,Yangcheng goat had the close relationship with Xinjiang nanjiang goat.lt suggested there were gcne exchange between Xinjiang goat and the Shanxi goat.