中文摘要：

水凝胶已被广泛应用于组织工程、药物控释、生物传感器等生物医学领域。随着微制造技术的发展，在纳微米尺度范围内制备形状和尺寸与自然组织相匹配的工程化水凝胶为解决血管化困难、复杂组织结构模拟、多细胞接种等组织工程难题带来了曙光。本文将主要讨论微尺度水凝胶在组织工程领域的研究现状，重点介绍微尺度水凝胶的合成方法及其在血管化和复杂组织结构模拟方面的应用。

英文摘要：

Hydrogels have been extensively used in biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, drug delivery and biosensing. The use of microfabrieation technology to engineer the size and shape of biologically relevant microscaled hydrogels has generated new opportunities in addressing challenges in tissue engineering such as vascularization, tissue architecture and cell seeding. Here, the actualities of the research in microengineered hydrogels for tissue engineering applications are reviewed. We will initially provide an overview of the various approaches used to fabricate hydrogels with microscale features, and then discuss their applications in addressing the challenges of vascularization and tissue complexity within tissue engineered constructs.