中文摘要：

为了研究柴油在外界能量作用下的燃爆特性，在无约束实验条件下，使用高速摄像及红外热成像手段，观测了模拟油箱内柴油着火、爆炸的过程，分析了柴油最小点火能与点火位置的关系，并对不同点火位置处的爆炸火球表面温度分布和火球参数进行了比较。结果表明：油箱内柴油的着火爆炸过程呈现爆炸火球和池火两个典型阶段；油箱蒸汽区的最小点火能为45．59kJ，燃料区的最小点火能为307．20kJ，燃料区的最小点火能是蒸汽区的6．7倍；在蒸汽区内，最小点火能量与点火位置无关，点火位置距油／气分界面越远，爆炸火球的表面最高温度越低、面积越小、辐射总能量越低，油／气分界面处点火形成的爆炸火球危险性最高。

英文摘要：

In order to study the deflagration characteristics of diesel oil ignited by external energy,tests were carried out without any restraints to observe the ignition and explosion process of the oil tank using thermal imager and high-speed camera. Relationship between minimum ignition energy of the diesel oil and ignition location was analyzed. Surface temperature and other parameters of fireballs at different ignition locations were measured and compared. Results show that the fuel explosion of oil tank occurs as two distinct stages： fireball and pool fire. The minimum ignition energy in vapor zone and fuel zone are 45.59 and 307.20 kJ respectively,and the minimum ignition energy is irrelative with ignition location in vapor zone. The maximum surface temperature and area of fireballs depend on the distance between ignition location and the phase interface. Fireballs ignited closest to the phase interface are most potentially dangerous.