中文摘要：

林火是森林生态系统中特殊而重要的生态因子,亦是导致植被和土壤碳储量动态变化的重要干扰因子。森林火灾的碳排放对气候变化及大气碳循环具有重要影响,科学有效地对其进行计量,对了解区域和全球的森林生态系统碳循环和碳平衡具有重要意义。根据大兴安岭野外森林可燃物的调查数据和2010年森林火灾统计资料,利用GIS技术工具,通过野外火烧迹地调查与室内控制环境实验相结合的方法确定各种计量参数,从林分水平上,采用排放因子法,估算大兴安岭2010年森林火灾碳排放量和含碳气体排放量。结果表明：大兴安岭2010年森林火灾碳排放量为117870.62t;含碳气体排放量CO2、CO、CH4和NMHC分别为379606.01,23425.74,1081.46和758.61t。虽然针阔混交林火烧面积占总过火面积的26.35%,但是碳排放量只占总排放量的13.79%,而2种偃松林型的火烧面积只占总过火面积的29.92%,碳排放量却占总排放量的50.35%,对此提出了相应的林火管理策略。研究结果为正确认识森林火灾对区域碳平衡及全球生态环境的影响提供参考数据。

英文摘要：

Biomass burning has long been recognized to release a number of important trace gas species and particulate matter to the atmosphere.Forest fire is a main disturbance factor in forest ecosystems,and an important pathway decreasing vegetation and soil carbon storage.Large amount of carbonaceous gases in forest fire can release into atmosphere,giving remarkable impacts on the atmospheric carbon balance and global climate change.Scientific and effective measurements of the carbonaceous gase emission from forest fire are important in understanding the significance of forest fire in the carbon balance and climate change.In this paper,based on Daxing＇anling forest fire statistics in 2010 and various forest types of fuel load data,we conducted field surveys and indoor control-burned experiments to determine a variety of measurement parameters,and estimated emissions of the total carbon and the main carbon-containing gas of the Daxing＇anling Mountain forest fire in 2010 at the stand level,by applying forest fire emissions model.Results showed that the total carbon emission from the forest fires was about 117 870.62 t,and carbonaceous gases emissions of CO2,CO,CH4 and non-methane hydrocarbons（NMHC） were 379 606.01 t,23 425.74 t,1 081.46 t and 758.61 t,respectively.Our study indicated that burned area of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest accounted for 26.35%,however the carbon emissions accounted for only 13.79% of total emissions.The burned area of two Pinus pumila forests accounted for 29.92%,and the carbon emissions accounted for 50.35% of total emissions.We proposed the corresponding forest fire management strategy.Our studies indicated that the carbon emissions had an important impact on the regional carbon balance.