中文摘要：

排水量操作员是一重要、静止在地图归纳的一个热话题。在归纳产品，符号一定不含糊、容易察觉、容易地听说，它在特征之中做空格竞争在地图的进程的一个重要障碍反对排水量。通过繁殖过程，在目标之间的空间冲突可以被散布，更多的目标可以漂流进它。为了维持符号，在符号的对象，一些不重要的符号或部分之间的平衡和空间关系应该根据视觉图形的分辨率阀值在限制下面被弄歪在地图特征之中弄明白空格竞争。包括位置，易读性和特征的三限制为符号平衡和空间关系的维护是重要的，它在这篇论文被讨论。骨骼被介绍表示区域目标考虑特征，一个区域目标能在被分开到在构造根据他们的重要性分开教主的联盟者。然后，有限元素方法被用于地图目标的排水量和失真，为有限元素方法的参数的策略在被讨论。

英文摘要：

The displacement operator is an important and still a hot topic in map generalization. In the generalization product, symbols must be unambiguous and easily perceived and readily understood, which makes space competition among features an important obstacle in the process of map objects displacement. Space conflict between objects, through propagation process, may be spread and more objects may drift into it. In order to maintain symbols equilibrium and spatial relationship between objects, some unimportant symbols or parts of symbols should be distorted under constraints according to visual graphic resolution thresholds to figure out space competition among map features. Three constraints including position, legibility and characteristics are important for the maintenance of symbols equilibrium and spatial relationship, which are discussed in this paper. The skeleton is introduced to represent area objects figure characteristic, in which an area object can be separated to parts hierarchically according to their importance in the construction. Then, the finite element method is applied to the map objects＇ displacement and distortion, in which a strategy for the parameters of finite element method is discussed.