中文摘要：

人和动物消化器官的营养化学感应系统是胃肠上皮细胞受体对食物信息感受与内脏迷走神经元之间信息传递和互作的复杂信号传递系统。营养化学感应系统由独立化学感应细胞组成，具有形态学的多样性，在体内分布十分广泛，这为其功能作用的发挥奠定了基础。研究表明，营养化学感应系统在调控采食、消化与吸收、肠道生长与功能、肠道防御机制以及宿主与微生物的互作中起着重要作用，并且不同细胞型之间具有不同的功能。它们是营养物质消化吸收的重要调控途径，其功能研究有助于化学感应机制的营养学作用的理解。因此，为了更好的理解和研究营养化学感应系统，本文就营养化学感应系统的分布及其功能作用进行了简要综述。

英文摘要：

The nutrient chemosensory system of human and animal digestive organs is a complex signaling transduction system, where the information transfers and interacts between nutrient sensory receptors in the gastrointestinal epithelial cell and visceral afferent neurons. Chemosensory system is composed by solitary chemosensory cells. It not only widely distributes in body, but also has a morphological diversity. It laid the foundation for its function. Studies showed that it is crucial to the action mechanisms of chemosensory system in the regulation of feeding, digestion and absorption, growth and intestinal function, intestinal defense as well as host-microbe interaction. Moreover, different cell types have different functions. In short, the chemosensory system in human and animal is an important regulatory pathway for nutrient digestion and absorption. These studies are crucial to understand nutritional functions of chemosensory mechanisms. Therefore, in order to better understand and study chemosensory system, its distribution and functions are briefly reviewed in this paper.