中文摘要：

针对海洋沉积环境样品DNA提取中的腐殖酸去除难题,采取先脱除腐殖酸再提取DNA的策略,进行了海洋沉积物DNA提取前的简易脱腐方法研究.依据腐殖酸的理化性质, 遴选出由Tris-HCl、EDTA、Na4P2O7、NaCl、PVP、Triton X-100及脱脂奶粉组成脱腐缓冲液,有效地脱除了腐殖酸.之后采用温和的溶菌酶-蛋白酶K-SDS直接裂解法,获取了大片段（分子量21kb以上）可进行rpoB 基因PCR扩增的海洋沉积物DNA,为海洋沉积环境分子生态学研究与海洋生物活性物质开发奠定了基础.

英文摘要：

A strategy of removing humic acids （HAs） prior to DNA extraction was conducted to resolve the problem of removing HAs from marine sediments in DNA extraction. According to the physical and chemical properties of HAs, the HAs＇ removing buffer composing of Tris-HCl, EDTA, Na4P2O7, NaCl, PVP, Triton X-100 and skim milk was screened out, which washed HAs out from the marine sediment samples successfully. Then a mild lysozyme-proteinase K-SDS direct lysis method was applied and the large fragment DNA was recovered from the marine shrimp pond, seaport and mangrove sediments samples, the molecular mass of which is more than 21 kb. These DNA extractions contain the sediment DNA which could be PCR amplified for rpoB gene. These work laid a foundation for molecular ecology research and exploiting the bioactive substances from marine sediments.