中文摘要：

利用欧洲中心（ECMWF）ERA-Interim提供的1979—2013年的O3、温度和位势高度逐月资料及国家气候中心的160站的逐月降水资料,采用EOF分析、相关分析和合成差值分析等方法,分析了东亚春季臭氧的时空变化特征及中国冬季降水对东亚春季O3强弱信号的响应.研究发现：1通过EOF分析可知,东亚春季O3主要有3种变化特征：其一是东亚春季不同时间的O3随着纬度的增加而增加（或减少）.其二是青藏高原是一个O3异常信号较强的地区.其三是鄂霍次克海以西的内陆地区和中国东北部地区的春季O3异常信号最强,且这两地区的异常信号位相相反.2东亚春季O3强时,中国冬季降水从西到东呈现了“多-少-多-少-多-少”的分布.这种响应显著的区域位于北方和内陆地区,而中国的东南地区较弱.这就说明,东亚春季O3对中国冬季降水是有一定的影响的.O3是如何引起中国冬季降水出现这种波列分布的原因尚有待于进一步的研究.3选取了6个层次分别代表平流层和对流层来开展研究.从相应于O3强弱年的温压场分析来看,北半球冬季的温度场和位势高度场的合成差值在中高纬度都呈现了波列的分布,在平流层呈“正-负-正”分布,在对流层呈“负-正-负-正-负”分布,且这种温压场对O3变化的响应在50、100、500 h Pa和700 h Pa层次最为显著.据此推测,东亚春季O3变化会引起北半球的温度场和位势高度场的调整,从而使得中国冬季降水分布出现异常.

英文摘要：

Based on the data of ozone,temperature and geopotential height during 1979-2013 from ECMWF and the monthly rainfall in 160 stations of China,the response of winter rainfall in China to springtime ozone in East Asia has been studied by the methods of EOF analysis, correlation analysis and composite analysis et al.The results show that firstly, there are three kinds of variation patterns for springtime ozone in East Asia by EOF anal- ysis ,namely ,the springtime ozone in East Asia increases （or decrease） with the increasing of the latitudes ;the e- mergence of a strong abnormal signal of ozone in the Tibetan Plateau and the strongest ozone abnormal signals found in the inland to the west of Okhotsk and the Northeast of China,and the signals are opposite in phase.Sec- ondly.When the signal of the springtime ozone is strong, the winter rainfall in China from west to east presents the distribution type of“ 〈＋ 〉 - 〈 - 〉 - 〈＋〉 - 〈 - 〉 - 〈 ＋ 〉 - 〈 - 〉 ”, where the abnormal signal is especially obvious in the northern part and the inland of China , and the southeast is on the contrary.Thirdly, the composite analysis for the winter temperature and geopotential height in northern hemisphere presents the distribution of the wave train at mid-high latitudes ,which is “〈 ＋〉 -〈 -〉 -〈 ＋〉” in stratosphere and “〈-〉 -〈＋〉 -〈 -〉 -〈 ＋〉 -〈-〉” in tropo- sphere ,and the temperature and geopotential height have significant anomaly at 50,100,500 hPa and 700 hPa in northern hemisphere ,which may be provoked by springtime ozone change in East Asia, resulting in the abnormal variation of winter rainfall in China.